Sometimes the water isn’t sweet—you are. Have you recently eaten something intensely spicy, sour, or bitter? Your taste buds can get temporarily “confused.” It’s like when you eat a grapefruit and then drink orange juice—the juice tastes weirdly sweet.
Same logic applies to water. If you just brushed your teeth, the minty toothpaste can make water taste sweet because of the sodium lauryl sulfate (that foaming agent). (Yes, really. It messes with your sweet receptors.)
Another biological trick: dehydration. When you’re parched, your saliva becomes more concentrated, and water hitting your tongue can suddenly taste sweet. Your body is basically throwing a party for hydration.