As the yolk moves through the oviduct, it's surrounded by egg whites, also known as albumen, which provide cushioning and protection. It's similar to how we pack fragile items in bubble wrap to keep them safe during shipping. The egg white also helps to keep the yolk clean and free from bacteria.
The shell is formed next, which is made up of calcium carbonate and other minerals. It's like how our bones are made of calcium, but instead of forming a skeleton, the chicken's body creates a hard, protective shell around the egg. The shell is also covered in a waxy, water-repellent coating to prevent moisture from entering the egg.
